They are more commonly know as radio mics or wireless mics, where the original audio cable is replaced by frequency transmitting technology. Radio mics can now transmit audio through radio waves in FM, AM, UHF, VHF and various digital formats.
More advanced models will allow you to select various frequencies to transmit over, helping avoid interference with other electrical transmitters that might be using the same frequency, and also enabling the use of multiple microphones at the same time.
Radio Microphones - Plus Points
Using radio mics is very advantageous for the user. A starting advantage is that radio mics eliminate the health and safety risk of trailing microphone cables. Secondly, and as a result of this, you give the freedom of movement to the wearer of the microphone as they are not joined via a cable. Another plus point is that you no longer stress any cables by flexing them, which can frequently result in damage.
Disadvantages of Radio Microphones
Despite having such advantages, wireless microphones also have some select disadvantages. Firstly the two way radio batteries used do not always last very long as the radio microphones are very thirsty when it comes to power consumption. Radio mics are also hampered by range, with the furthest signals normally only achieved by the larger, more expensive models. Interference from another electrical appliance is also a possibility which would lead to a disruption of the signal. Finally, to avoid being on the same frequency and clashing, you are limited to the number of radio microphones you can use.
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